Jelly manufacture



Patented Apr- 16, 1935 s 1 997 1 UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE Leo Wallerstein, New York, N. Y., Julius 'Pfann muller, North Plainfield, N. J., and Alfons Noe, New York, N. Y., assignors to Wallerstein Com- 1 pany, Inc., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application July 18, 1933,

a Serial No. 680,981

7 Claims. (Cl. 99-11) The present invention relates to the manufacwith the pectin preparation to produce the highture and production of jellies of enhanced jelly grade jelly. The magnesium carbonate is prefstrength, and it particularly relates to new and erably utilized in the form of precipitated or powmproved pectin compositions for producing such dered material of relatively high purity.

J The pectin is most desirably obtained by treat- 5 In utilizing solid and/or precipitated pectin ing apple poma-ce, beet waste, the skins of citrus products for the production of jellies, much difiifruits and other pectin containing materials with culty has been encountered in obtaining. uniform a dilute acid solution containing a mineral acid, jellification and in the production of jellies of such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and/or sul- 10 high jelly strength, Unless great care is taken, furic acid, while maintaining the pH between 0.7 10 uneven jellification will take place, giving a jelly to 2.5 from to 12 hours at temperatures rangof unsatisfactory consistency and of undesirable ing from 60 to '70 degrees C. strength, and frequently a cloudy and/or opaque From the resultant pectous solution, the pee- J' y W Of n esu ttin may be precipitated by alcohol, calcium chlov 15 An bject of he pre ent inv n i is to pr vide ride and other precipitatingagents and then dried 15 a solid jelly-forming mixture includingpectin in and sub-divided or powdered. The preferred parsubdivided form, which will, upon admixture with ticle size of the powdered pectin should range suitable amounts of water in heating, form a from 80 to 100 mesh. y I 1 t very high-grade jelly of commercial jelly strength In forming the preferred composition of the 0 and of uniform consistency. present invention the powdered or sub-divided 2O Another object 'is to provide a jelly making pectin or pectin preparation is thoroughly incor-' process in which clear, transparent jellies of high porated with a small amount of the powdered or strengths may be made by the addition of powsub-divided magnesium carbonate. Although the dered, granulated onsubdividd pectin composiproportions may be widely varied the most sattions to water and/or fruit juices with suitable isfactory proportions are about 1 part of magne- 25 heating and without the necessity of exacting or sium carbonate to to 50 parts of pectin or stringent control to prevent the formation of pectin preparationwith an optimum at about 40 cloudy products of little commercial value. parts.

Other objects will be obvious and will appear In addition to the magnesium carbonate" and during the course of the following specification. the pectin, asuitableorganic or fruit acid may be 30 It has been found that certain insoluble bases added and sugar may also be added. The fruit of alkali earth metals, in contradistinction to acid may be tartaric or citric and between 20 to 5 those o'falkali-metals, and particularly the car-' parts of pectin or pectinpreparation may be bonates, may bemost satisfactorily employed in utilized to each part of citric acid or tartaric.

small amounts in'solid or owdered pectin eom- It has been found particularly satisfactory o 3 positions to produce jellies of very high quality. utilize both tartaric and citric acid together and A desirable and satisfactory alkali earthfcarto also employ a lativ y Small qu i y of bonate for this purpose is magnesium carbonate, c eam 0 tar a v particularly in the form of its basic compounds. .For example, in One instance it s found I 40 The normal carbonate; MgCO3, may be employed, isfa'ctory or. commercial utilization to utilize 40 as may also the hydrated form thereof, about equal parts of tartaric andcitric acids and a substantial large proportion of the cream of QQ H tartarso that these three components together .45 The basic carbonates I .wouldbe present in amount equal to between A v j and theamount of pectin. p v 0 .4 Z- 0 As stated above the precipitate pectin or caland f y cium-pectin material is sub-divided or granulated M i so as to have a mesh range'from about 80 to 100 k 3MgCO3'Mg(OH)2-'3H29 I while the magnesium carbonate, citric acid,

may also be employed. tartaric acid and cream of tartar are most de- The insoluble carbonates of magnesium in small sirablyutilized in powdered condition in a much amounts lend themselves most desirably to interfiner state of subdivision than the pectin. mixturewith pectin preparations and appear to The following is a specific example of one comcombine most efiicaciously with the jelly and position according to thepreferred embodiment of the present invention, to which the invention is by no means restricted.

10 grams pectin 1.0 grams citric acid 0.242 grams magnesium carbonate 1.0 grams tartaric acid 1.66 grams cream of tartar 6.1 grams of anhydrous dextrose.

The above proportions may be considerably varied and the composition may be dissolved directly in the fruit juice or it may be dissolved in water and then added to the fruit juice. The anhydrous dextrose, which is sometimes known as cerelose, serves as the means of standardizing the composition and is preferably regulated so that about 1.5 parts by weight of the composition will make a good commercial jelly with 100 grams of sugar when the jelly-forming mixture or solution has a Brix of about to 80 degrees.

This composition may then be added to fruit juice or water and the mixture may then be heated or boiled, preferably with slight stirring. The sugar may then be added and the boiling may be repeated. The jelly solution may be concentrated to any desirable Brix by boiling.

The following comparative table illustrates the remarkable advantages and improvement in jelly qualities obtainable with the pectin compositions of the present invention, as contrasted to mixtures which do not contain small amounts of magnesium.

In the following tabulation the jelly a was made with the pectin composition.

Jelly b was made with the above pectin composition but with the elemination of the citric acid and the magnesium carbonate content thereof.

Jelly c was made with the above pectin composition in which sodium bicarbonate was utilized instead of magnesium.

and so forth, but if desired, one acid may be utilized by itself, as for example in the above formula, the tartaric acid might be replaced by additional quantities of citric.

Instead of cream of tartar as a buffer agent, the sodium, potassium, calcium and/or magnesium salts of edible organic acids might be employed.

We claim:

1. A jelly making composition, capable of combining with sugar and water to form a firmedible fruit jelly of acid character, and'capable of being stored for long periods of time without being affected by the atmosphere and without interreaction between its various components, such composition including pectin and magnesium carbonate.

2. A jelly making composition, capable of combining with sugar and water to form a firm edible fruit jelly of acid character, and capable of being stored for long periods of time without being afiected by the atmosphere and without interreaction between its various components, such composition including pectin and magnesium carbonate in the proportion of about 20 parts by weight of the former to not more than 1 part by weight of the latter.

3. A jelly making composition, capable of combining with sugar and water to form a firm edible fruit jelly of acid character, and capable of being stored for long periods oi. time without being affected by the atmosphere and without interreaction between its various components, such composition including pectin, fruit acids and magnesium carbonate.

4. A jelly making composition, capable of combining with sugar and water to form a firm edible fruit jelly of acid character, and capable of being stored for long periods of time without being aflected by the atmosphere and without inter- Breaking Jelly strength Cut Clarity Taste Uniformity pH grams a 312 G G Not very tart Good 3.3 b.' 245 F Fair Slightly tarter than a.. Lumps 3. 38 c 224 Fair Fair Tarter than a, b Better than I: but not 3. 35

-iully satisfactory.

It will be noted from the above table that the strength with pectin compositions above described containing very small amounts of magnesium carbonate is much greater than when it is not used or when a soluble carbonate, such as sodium bicarbonate is utilized. It will be noted that in jelly 0 when sodium bicarbonate is utilized, although the uniformity is better than the case of jelly b, where no carbonate at all was utilized, nevertheless there was a substantial decrease in jelly strength. 0n the other hand, when magnesium carbonate is utilized, as in jelly a, both the jelly strength and the uniformity were greatly enhanced; the uniformity being much higher than in the case of a soluble carbonate, such as sodium bicarbonate.

In the formula specifically illustrated, the citric acid, the tartaric acid and the cream of tartar act as a builer mixture to maintain a pH value of between about 3.0 to 3.4. The inclusion of citric acid, in addition to tartaric acid and cream of tartar, serves to assure greater clarity of the resulting jelly.

It is generally preferable to utilize a mixture of edible fruit acids, such as tartaric, citric, malic,

reaction between its various components, such composition including pectin, citric acid, magnesium carbonate, tartaric acid and cream of tartar.

5. A granulated or powdered jelly making composition, capable of combining with sugar and water to form a firm edible fruit jelly of acid character, and capable of being stored for long periods of time without being aflected by the atmosphere and without interreaction between its various components, such composition including pectin, citric acid, magnesium carbonate, tartaric acid and cream of tartar in the respective proportions by weight of about 10 parts, 1 part, V4 part, 1 part and 1 parts.

6. A process of making an acidic jelly of high uniformity, clarity, and very high jelly strength, which comprises jellifying a mixture. of pectin, magnesium carbonate, sugar and fruit acids.

7. An acidic jelly composition consisting of the combination of pectin, magnesium carbonate, fruit acids, sugar and water.

LEO WALLERSTEIN. JULIUS PFANNMULLER. ALFONS NOE. 

